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Onion poisoning PDF Print E-mail
 Onion poisoning can affect dogs and cats, but also other species (eg cattle). Poison is both raw onion and boiled. Toxic substances are disulphide, which occurs during changes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. Disulfide have oxidizing effects and lead to the disintegration of red blood cells (haemolysis).


Symptoms of poisoning can occur when an animal eats a greater quantity of onions than 0.5% of their body weight (for a dog weighing 10 kg - 50 grams!). Eating a large quantity of onions may even lead to death!

Symptoms:

The intensity of symptoms depends on the amount eaten the onion and the ontogenic susceptibility of the animal populations. If an animal is fed regularly onion in small quantities, it is possible asymptomatic, the laboratory rather obvious severe anemia. In these cases, the cat / dog makes up for the loss of blood increased production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

The characteristic change is visible in the blood cells of Heinz - clumps of hemoglobin, which give the appearance of a ring of erytrocytom eye. Poisoning is accompanied by anemia, which usually is.

Clinical symptoms

- Pale or yellowish mucosa
- Weakness, depression
- Accelerated heartbeat and breathing
- Vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea
- "Onion" odor from the mouth

Symptoms Laboratory

- Mild anemia
- Reduced hematocrit
- Blood in the urine (hemoglobinuria)
- Methaemoglobinaemia
- Presence of abnormal erythrocytes in the blood - cells Heinz, ekcentrocyty.
- Leukocytosis with a shift to the left
- Thrombocytosis

Treatment:

- Remove the cause. If the dog / cat will go to the clinic within 2 hours after eating onions, you can empty the stomach by emesis.

- In severe cases, with significant collapse of the blood, may be indicated a blood transfusion.

- Supportive care - depending on symptoms. ONCOLOGY - for shock, kidney damage or gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting)

- Diet - easy to digest, good quality, in cats is necessary with the addition of taurine!

- Are needed checking blood tests (serum + possibly other, as indicated by the veterinarian)

Prognosis:

If not accompanied by onion poisoning other hematological disorders, it is proceeding with appropriate prognosis is good. A significant improvement of health status is evident within 10-14 days. If eaten by a dog / cat large quantities of onions and a lack of medical assistance, may be even kill the animal.

 
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